Beekeeping:
The maintenance techniques of bees in hive/hives
naturally or artificially for collecting honey is called beekeeping. Bees are mainly feed on nectar and pollen. The transformation
of 3 casts depends on the amount of Royal Jelly or Brood food by tne phyrangeal
salivary glands of the worker bees. For
the first 2.5 days all larvae are given plenty of this food (obligatory
feeding) after which those destined (chosen) to become worker workers or drones
are given rationed (controlled) food for 6-7 days and those destined to become
queens continue to receive abundance of brood food for 4.5-5 days(facultative
feedings). On the 8th, 9th and 10th day of
emergence , the cells of queen, worker and drones are respectively sealed. ie.
capped with wax. The cap of drone cell is convex or domed shaped with a central
hole; those of the workers, queen, honey and pollen are flat.
Natural/ traditional fixed beekeeping: Bees collect honey (nectar,
pollen, water) from nature and deposit them in their natural hives or man maid
fixed colonies. In Natural/ traditional fixed beekeeping , there is no need to
provide extra pollen or nectar substitute because bees collect them fully from
nature.
Nectar,water and pollen constitute
the food of the bees, and propolis is used as sealing materials. The collection
of these is carried out by the foraging bees(bees 3 weeks and over old). When
the bees insert their proboscis into the nectaries at the base of flowers,
nectar or water rises up through its small passage by the capillary action and
then further up into the alimentary canal by action of the pharyngeal sucking
pump.
The collection of pollen is done
by the legs for which all of them undergo some modification. The basitarsus,
the basal part of the tarsus of each
leg, is provided stiff hairs which are used to brush the pollen that get adhere
to the body hairs while the bee sucks nectar from the flowers.
Migratory bee keeping: The moving of colonies of bees from one locality to
another during a single season to take advantage of two or more honey flow.
Maintenance of hives during DEARTH PERIOD:
We have to migrate the hives at
DEARTH PERIOD( generally March to September ) because at this time nature lack
of flowers as well pollen. So we have to give artifitial pollen and nectar
during this time.
Preparation of nectar substitute:
In a sugar pan both sugar and water of 1 kg is given and then boil for 20
minutes, lastly that solution is felted for pure sugar syrup. 300 ml of cold
sugar syrup of aforesaid conc. was applied in the feeding pot.
Preparation of pollen substitute:
The mixture of mungbean flour and icing sugar is provided as pollen substitute.
100 g pollen substitute was spread over the top of the frame.
Here we can see a Bee training Program in our country:
(Videos are collected from youtube.com)
Here we can see a Bee training Program in our country:
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